Chemistry and Energy Syllabus

Spring Semester, 2015

Course No.	CB4101	Course Title	Chemistry and Energy		Credit	3		Class Hours/Wk	3
Lecture hours	Mon 2-3pm; Tue 8-9am; Fri 1-2pm			Lecture room			Hyungseol 3302
Office hours	M 4-5pm, Tu 4-5 pm, Th 4-5pm, and as arranged
Prerequisites	General Chemistry I and General Chemistry II (or concurrent enrollment and instructor permission required)

 

1. Course Description

Course Objectives

This course studies the energy changes that occur in chemical reactions and phase changes of various substances with the underlying physical principles and measurements that govern chemical and biological systems. It introduces the key concepts and theories, and studies in-depth the energies and macroscopic properties of materials covered in General Chemistry course. We will explore the new concepts necessary to describe the chemical equilibrium and deal with the physical changes in equilibrium and the energy changes in electrochemistry and chain reactions. These energy changes will be discussed with thermodynamic functions, specifically the free energy, enthalpy and entropy. We will also learn about the integrated concepts for the chemical equilibrium and the direction of spontaneous change in terms of the chemical potential of substances.

Contents

◆ Introduction: Matter, energy, electromagnetic radiation ◆ The properties of gases: Equations of state, the molecular model of gases, real gases ◆ The first law of thermodynamics: Work, heat, the conservation of energy, internal energy and enthalpy, physical and chemical changes ◆ The second law of thermodynamics: Entropy, heat engine and heat pump, Gibbs energy ◆ Physical equilibria of pure substances: The thermodynamics of transition, phase diagrams ◆ The properties of mixtures: The thermodynamic description of mixtures, colligative properties, phase diagrams of mixtures ◆ The principles of chemical equilibria: Thermodynamic background, the response of equilibrium to the conditions ◆ Chemical equilibria in solutions: Proton transfer equilibria, salts in water, solubility equilibria ◆ Chemical equilibria in electrochemistry: Ions in solution, electrochemical cells, applications of standard potentials ◆ Chemical kinetics: Empirical chemical kinetics, temperature dependence of reaction rates, reaction schemes, reacion mechanisms, reactions in solution, catalysis, chain reactions

 

◈ Each regular class meeting will be composed of some combinations of the following activities:

◆ Interactive lecture

◆ Discussion/questions from directed reading questions

◆ Discussion/questions from problem sets

◆ Presentation for a special topic

 

2. Text & References

◈ Text : The Elements of Physical Chemistry (6th Ed.) by Peter Atkins and Julio de Paula.

◈ Reference : Physical Chemistry (8th Ed.) by Peter Atkins and Julio de Paula.

 

3. Grading : The grade will be given according to total points.

Homework & Presentation	Midterm Exam	Final Exam	Attitude	Attendance	Total	Remarks
15	35	35	5	10	100

 

◈ Final letter grades will be based upon the approximate absolute scale: A (A+, A, A-) = 100 – 88; B (B+, B, B-) = 87 – 76; C (C+, C, C-) = 75 – 64; D (D+, D, D-) = 63 – 52; F = below 51. If you score the number of points indicated, then you will receive the letter grade indicated, regardless of how many other students achieve the same grade. There is no curve. Therefore it is to your benefit (and to your friends’ benefit) that you help other students learn and they help you learn.

 

◈ Instructor evaluation will be based on classroom attendance and attitude, effort on homework, presentation, overall improvement and/or consistently good progress and my evaluation of your understanding of the material in the course.

 

◈ Reading Assignments

◆ Read assigned chapters (see Lecture schedule) before the related lectures.

◆ At this point in your education, an instructor's role is not so much to "teach" you chemistry, but to assist you in teaching yourselves and in "discovering" chemical principles through self-study. Consequently, the lectures, discussions, and in-class exercises in this course are not intended to provide comprehensive coverage of each topic, but to highlight and strengthen the most important and difficult concepts, in order to assist and guide you in your study.

◆ To derive the greatest benefit from the classes, I urge you to develop the habit of reading and studying each chapter before the class on that topic. This practice of prior study will not only enable you to better understand the material presented in the lectures, but will also allow for discussion in class about those topics with which you are having difficulty. I hope to conduct as many classes as possible in a "interactive" style, with formal lecture material being interruptible with questions and answers.

 

◈ Homework

◆ Homework will be assigned regularly, collected and graded weekly. It will be constituted mostly from exercises and problems from your textbook.

◆ They will be due Wednesdays at the beginning of class.

◆ Homework assignments will be scored out of 10 points and will be graded on relative performance. If you answer 60~100% of the questions correctly, you will receive 10 points. 50~59% correct will earn you 8 points. 40~49%, 6 points, etc. NO credit will be given for problems if work is not shown.

◆ “Cheating” has a broad definition and will not be tolerated. Zero points will be given for any work that is not your own.

◆ Please put your name at the top of your assignment and staple all pages together.

◆ Policy for Late or Missed Assignments: Late assignments will NOT be accepted for regular grading unless accompanied by a certificate, or the assignment is postponed for the entire class. Exceptions to this policy will only be made in the case of serious (and documented) illness or tragedy.

 

◈ Presentation

◆ During the two weeks of class, small groups will make a 15-20 minute presentation on thermochemistry (DSC Lab) encountered in this course.

◆ Evaluation criteria: basics of the presentation, group effort, etc. (3 pts), creativity and going beyond an automated outline (2 pts), references clearly shown (1 pt), attendance at the other presentations (1 pt).

 

◈ Attendance policy

◆ Attendance will be recorded. Excessive absences (two or more) may result in a notification sent to your parents and the school authority.

◆ Attendance will be graded as follows:

- For no absences and no late arrivals, you will receive 10 points.

- For one unexcused absence, you will lose 1 point; For two absences, lose 3 points; For three absences, lose 10 points.

- Anyone who has more than four class-long, unexcused absences will receive an "F" grade for the COURSE.

- Being late will be penalized -0.2 point per each class.

 

◈ Class Participation and Attitude

◆ Because the class is structured to be student-centered, the success of the class activities depends on the full participation of each student. You are expected to participate in class discussions, to be attentive and non-disruptive in class.

◆ Distractions in class: Be respectful and cooperative at all times during class. Students will be expected to follow instructions the first time given. Do not speak when others are speaking. Foul and inappropriate language is never tolerated. NEVER cause another member of our class to be embarrassed by your actions or words.

◆ Food and beverages are not permitted in the classroom.

◆ No use of electronic equipment is permitted during class; it can be distracting to others. Cell phone usage is prohibited in this classroom. There will be no text messaging, sending or receiving calls. Cell phones should be turned off prior to class. Chatting with your neighbor, studying for other course, taking a nap, etc. are very disruptive to the instructor and the students around you.

◆ If this occurs, you will receive a warning and/or a penalty will be assessed.

 

4. Lecture schedule

Week	Lecture contents and Reading Assignments	Remarks
Week 01 3/2-3/6	Introduction. Matter and Energy Chapter 1. The properties of gases ◆ Equations of state	HW-1: Chapter 1 Entrance Ceremony(3/4)
Week 02 3/9-3/13	Chapter 1. The properties of gases ◆ The molecular model of gases ◆ Real gases Chapter 2. Thermodynamics: the First Law ◆ Work and heat	HW-2: Chapter 2
Week 03 3/16-3/20	Chapter 2. Thermodynamics: the First Law ◆ Internal energy and enthalpy Chapter 3. Thermodynamics: applications of the First Law ◆ Physical change ◆ Chemical change	DSC Lab HW-3: Chapter 3&4
Week 04 3/23-3/27	Chapter 4. Thermodynamics: the Second Law ◆ Entropy and the 2nd law ◆ Heat engine and heat pump ◆ Absolute entropy and the third law	DSC Lab
Week 05 3/30-4/3	Chapter 4. Thermodynamics: the Second Law ◆ The Gibbs energy Chapter 5. Physical equilibria: Pure substances ◆ The thermodynamics of transition	Presentation HW-4: Chapter 5
Week 06 4/6-4/10	Chapter 5. Physical equilibria: Pure substances ◆ The phase diagrams Chapter 6. Physical equilibria: the properties of mixtures ◆ The thermodynamic description of mixtures ◆ Colligative properties	HW-5: Chapter 6
Week 07 4/13-4/17	Chapter 6. Physical equilibria: the properties of mixtures ◆ Phase diagrams of mixtures
Week 08 4/20-4/24	Mid-term Examinations	Chapters 1∼6
Week 09 4/27-5/1	Chapter 7. Chemical equilibria: the principles ◆ Thermodynamic background ◆ The response of equilibria to the conditions	HW-6: Chapter 7 SAF(4/30-5/1)
Week 10 5/4-5/15	Chapter 8. Chemical equilibria: solutions ◆ Proton transfer equilibria ◆ Salts in water	Children's Day(5/5) Term Break(5/6~5/12)
Week 11 5/18-5/22	Chapter 8. Chemical equilibria: equilibria in solution ◆ Solubility equilibria Chapter 9. Chemical equilibrium: electrochemistry ◆ Ions in solution ◆ Electrochemical cells	Open Class Week HW-7: Chapter 8
Week 12 5/25-5/29	Chapter 9. Chemical equilibria: electrochemistry ◆ Applications of standard potentials Chapter 10. Chemical kinetics: the rates of reactions ◆ Empirical chemical kinetics	HW-8: Chapter 9 Buddha's Birthday(5/25)
Week 13 6/1-6/5	Chapter 10. Chemical kinetics: the rates of reactions ◆ Reaction rates ◆ The temperature dependence of reaction rates	HW-9: Chapter 10
Week 14 6/8-6/12	Chapter 11. Chemical kinetics: accounting for the rate laws ◆ Reaction schemes ◆ Reaction mechanisms ◆ Reactions in solution	HW-10: Chapter 11
Week 15 6/15-6/19	Chapter 11. Chemical kinetics: accounting for the rate laws ◆ Homogeneous catalysis ◆ Chain reactions
Week 16 6/22-6/26	Final examinations	Chapters 7∼11

※ The schedule is subject to change.

◈ Collaboration

◆ Students in this course need not compete with one another. You may find cooperative studying advantageous.

◆ Working in groups on the homework is not prohibited, in fact, it is encouraged. However, to develop your problem solving skills and improve test performance, I advise you to attempt homework problems on your own before getting help from classmates. Once you have tried the problems on your own, you are in a good position to discuss approaches and strategies with one another.

◆ Do not simply copy the answers from a classmate or copy a problem solution directly from a solutions manual. These activities are considered cheating, will not help you develop the problem-solving skills necessary for success in physical chemistry, and will be dealt with in accordance with school policies.

 

◈ SUGGESTIONS

◆ Since supplementary material, as well as textbook, may be included on the mid-term and final examinations, students are urged to attend class faithfully. Please keep in mind that your goal is to successfully complete this course. It is therefore important to organize a self-imposed study schedule, disciplining yourself to devote a specific number of hours per week to the course. Please also keep in mind that you are responsible for your learning. Even though your instructor, your textbook, and your supplementary handout materials will guide you, no one else can do your learning for you. Accept the responsibility for your learning. The following set of specific suggestions, if followed faithfully, will help you to derive the maximum benefit from this course:

1. Budget your time so that you will not feel rushed as you study. For a 3-credit hour course, you should expect to have to spend at least six(6) hours each week studying at home. Distribute your study time over the week so that you will not become tired and inefficient as you study.

2. Find a place to study that is comfortable, but not so comfortable as to make you feel drowsy, and that is quiet, properly ventilated, and well lighted. Have at hand your textbook, enough paper and pencils, and a good eraser.

3. Avoid all distractions and interruptions. Begin on time and concentrate on your scheduled reading. Scan the reading material, then read it carefully, reflecting on it. If you don't understand something, go over it again until you do. Underline the major points in your reading material.

4. Keep a set of notes. Your notes should be a condensation or digest of the material in your textbook and the supplementary handouts. Follow the plan or organization of the material in your textbook. In your notes, indicate on what pages of your textbook related material can be found. Revise your notes as your understanding improves.

5. Try to learn the material so well that you could teach it to someone else. It helps to try to explain somewhat obscure points to others; such as classmates, good friends, or close relatives who are sympathetic.

6. Be optimistic. Expect some frustrations. Enjoy overcoming obstacles.

7. Devote some time each week to reviewing the material of all of the previous assignments, so as to build up a long-term memory of material. Please be advised that a clear understanding aids memorization, as does frequent review and repetition.